TOPICAL QUOTE
Movlud CHAVUSHOGLU,President of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe:
“Solution of frozen Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is very important for Europe. This is the problem waiting for its solution. OSCE Minsk Group, co-chairing countries are committed to continue efforts in the direction of solution to this conflict. We as PACE will do its best for peaceful settlement of this conflict. War isn’t a way of solution of problems of our continent”.
From the statement at the press conference in Strasburg, January, 25, 2010
Recep Tayyip ERDOGAN, Turkish Prime Minister:
“We have taken important steps toward normalizing relations with Armenia. On the other hand, it is very important to put an end to the occupation of Azerbaijani territories and find long-lasting solution to Azerbaijan-Armenia conflict. Minsk Group should first of all fulfill its function, as there are 20 years behind and within these 20 years Karabakh conflict has not been solved. Occupation of Azerbaijani territories must be stopped. Minsk Group must do its best for the solution to this conflict. I think first of all Russia should increase its activity in this process. We all know that Armenia has occupied Karabakh. The UN Security Council has resolutions about it, the UN admits the fact of occupation”.
From the statement at the meeting in the Moscow State Institute of International Relations, January, 13, 2010
Mark KATZ, US expert, Political Science Professor:
“If there is a Turkish-Armenian settlement, then Armenia will be under less pressure to resolve the Nagorno-Karabakh issue. On the other hand, Armenia wants to integrate itself more and more with the West. The possibility of this, however, will remain limited so long as the Nagorno-Karabakh dispute remains unsettled. During the year of 2009 Azerbaijani and Armenian presidents met for 6 times, but didn’t come to any particular progress. For an agreement to be reached, Armenia is going to have to compromise somewhat. And now, working together, Russia and the US will help Azerbaijan and Armenia in achieving peace”.
From the statement IA APA in Washington, January 6, 2010
Anatoly TORKUNOV, Rector of Moscow State Institute of International Relations:
“Nagorno-Karabakh problem is not simple to resolve it is necessary phasing. The main thing is that the world community demonstrates the will to solve the problem. The UN Security Council resolutions are the legal basis for the solution of the conflict and the negotiating process is ongoing. Russia is interested in a solution of the problem. History shows that the only way to solve this problem is negotiations, diplomacy,”
From the statement at the meeting with the students of Baku branch of the Moscow State University named after Lomonosov in Baku, 23 January, 2010
Adrian FENTY, Mayor of Washington:
“I, the mayor of the District of Columbia, do hereby ask the residents of this great city to remember the victims of 20 January. Azerbaijan was invaded on the night of January 19-20, 1990 and hundreds of Azerbaijanis were killed and wounded in a courageous resistance against their attackers”.
From the letter to US-Azerbaijanis Network (USAN), Washington, 30 January, 2010
Armenians about Armenians
Robert ARAKELOV. KARABAKH DIARY (beginning in the previous issues) BROKEN GAME
I was walking through Stepanokert Street towards the Central Park where I can spend any amount of time playing backgammon after dinner on Saturday. As I was walking a cold wind started to blow and the weather changed to bad. People began to leave for homes afraid of possible rain. But I had neither house nor home and Varos K., my vis-à-vis on board, one of the players of the Park games store, invited me to play backgammon at his home. Varos was about of my age and lived with his wife as both two daughters were already married and the only son lived far away in Moldavia. So we sat in his house and started playing backgammon, drinking wine with whatever was in the house. It was warm and cosy in his room and we were listening to low eastern music from radio set. In short in a while I could even forget where I have been after all this time. Yet… it did not happen.
It did not happen as somebody knocked at Varos`s door in an hour and a half.
– What the devil brought him here, – wondered Varos and turned to open the door.
An employee of local house management so familiar to the host by sight in contrast to me turned out to be an unexpected guest, damn him. He was asked to join us at the table and as usual everyone drank the health of the guest. He was pleased with the wine, drank a penal and turned to the hosts with the speech.
– I want to let you know, that elections to the Parliament are held in Armenia as you are already informed. Thus, you as the other lodgers of the house are constituents with Petrosyan, an official of the Executive Committee of the City and Sarkisyan, cultural worker, to be candidates. Now I will give you a ballot-paper with both family names. You should cross out one of them and to keep the other, he said.
He took a batch of ballot-papers out of a paper-case, put it on the table in front of him and gave two upper ballot-papers to the hosts.
– Ah, so, we will be very quick, – said Varos and asked as if by the way: – Tell me, is it the very Petrosyan who is named Petros? He also seems to have “Jiguli”.
– Yes, you are right – a guest answered.
Meanwhile I noticed that our hostess frowned and grew gloomy for some reason during a brief conversation of a host and his guest. Varos crossed out one of the family names and returned a ballot-paper to the guest. However a hostess was not so hurry to do the same, she became stony and more crimson. Finally in three minutes he asked the guest:
– Tell me, what was the vote of my husband?
An employee from house management took the ballot-paper and said:
– Thus, as the family name of Sarkisyan was crossed out, he voted for Petrosyan.
The host`s wife flied into a rage as if scaled with boiling water.
– Why then do you vote for Petrosyan? – she said caustically as if a tongue-twister. – You told me so much times that he is a complete fool and rogue and you can not stand him at all. Maybe you are taking care after his wife? You want her to live better as if she wears the same coat for ten years.
Then she started to cry and continued in tears:
– I know everything. I know how you looks at her, that you made court to her in youth and when you meet her in the street you can spend hours talking to her. So you can go there, but she does not need you, she is not so silly to be with such a ragamuffin.
She could not stop talking but Varos was calm and kept silence. He filled a glass with wine and offered us to drink with him. However as Varos was finishing drinking his glass she wiped her tears and said the word that made Varos as if choked of:
– One day I will meet Petros and tell him everything. I will also go for a drive in his car. Maybe he will give me a present. He has so much money and I…
(to be continued)
Unfeasible expectations
The issue on normalization of Turkish-Armenian relations recently came up in agenda in relation to Russia. At the same time our historical northern neighbor concerned it mostly on the same pretext in unison with Armenian “howl”.
To make it clear let us remind that the matter concerns the delay on ratification of Turkish-Armenian protocols signed by ministers of foreign affairs of Turkey and Armenia in Zurich several months before and making for normalization of Turkish-Armenian relations and in this light opening the borders closed since 1993. As it is known, the next step of the process, i.e. ratification of protocols by parliaments of the nations is not still realized for several reasons. But we will concern the main of them, Armenian denial from realization of Turkish requirements on liberation of occupied Azerbaijan territories.
As it was expected Armenia set up a clamor at first as if the issue of Armenian-Azerbaijan conflict cannot be and must not be laid out as pre-conditions.
Russians put into use this Armenian pretext. During recent meeting with prime-minister of Turkey within his visit to Moscow, the head of Russian government Vladimir Putin expressed the position of his country regarding the issue: “These two processes –the process of normalization of Turkish-Armenian relations and Nagorno-Karabakh conflict are not interrelated, both of the tasks are very complicated and it is not correct to regard them together”. Sergey Lavrov, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Russia also supported the same line during his extra-ordinary visit to Yerevan, but it was expected.
Russia naturally pursues its own ends in South Caucasian region as an independent state and its stand springs from its ends. Yet this stand is quite contrary to Azerbaijan and Turkish with own reasons.
Moscow is no doubt aware of Turkish closure of its borders with Armenia 16 years ago for its aggressive actions and invasion to Azerbaijan having occupied more than 20 percents of Azerbaijan territories and turned more than a million people to migrants and internally displaced persons. Russia is also aware that Armenia is categorically refusing to fulfill requirements of UN resolutions and decrees of other international organization on withdrawal of troops from the given territories. Moreover it keeps occupation of not only Nagorno Karabakh but also of 7 regions around it.
Why then Russia makes such claims? Yes, we agree that these problems are quite complicated. Yet Turkey does not set task of their simultaneous solution. Turkey tells over and over distinctly: we will open borders and cooperate with Armenia as Nagorno Karabakh conflict is settled. What is not clear here? Cause and effect logic exists after all! Armenian aggression made for the closure of borders. Why then Russia tries to replace them? It is not clear and right.
So these Armenian-Russian expectations seem to be unfeasible.
RUINS (beginning in the previous issues)
Yuri Pompeev, Academician of RANS, Professor of St Petersburg State University of Culture and Arts
A monument of a tank, with the muzzle up at an angle with a modern T-72 on a base firing at the city at the mountain peak instead of traditional “thirtyfour” of the World War II, is erected by the entry to Shusha, an old unassailable fortress of an ancient Karabakh khanate, as journalists of “Itogi” inform.
“Shusha is like ruined Lachin today, but the number of people is much more here. A big temple is under construction in the center. A residence of Artsach bishop Pargeev is also nearby. Destroyed houses are all around… The city is unusually calm. There are no sounds of cars, tape recorders and TV out of open windows. Here and there one can see women with apples of last years for sale”, E. Pakhomov and R. Mangasaryan testify. Rains wash off soot of fires from ruined houses. Shusha was plundered as other Azerbaijan cities and villages. The one who misappropriates and captures things is a wormy infection and does not live long.
Yet the airdrome strip in Khojali near Shusha is being enlarged to two and a half kilometers and AAF (Armed Air Forces-ed) of “NKR” (“Nagorno-Karabakh Republic”, here and further our inverted commas-ed) consisting not only of militant and transport helicopters but also SU-25 (financed by foreign Armenians or Russian billion of dollars? -Y.P) is based here. The main thing is those casernes and other military objects outside “NKR” settlements are growing very quickly, as A. Surikov and deputies of Russian State Duma observed. Tank repair factory in Stepanakert works very rhythmically although the other industry branches are stagnant. At the same time powerful armor force is ready to break-thorough towards Yevlakh-Mingechaur, to the pleasure of A. Surikov.
Officials of State Duma find maintenance of allied relations of Russian Federation and Armenia to be of priority including our technical military assistance to Armenians (creation of effective Air-defense system in “NKR”, reconstruction of domestic road network, development of Civil Defense infrastructure and retraining of special services for activity in mountainous regions, especially for fighting against helicopter troops at the rear). Our patriots from State Duma are also troubled with current “NKR” doctrine tending to use armored engineering in the course of offensive operations to their point of view.
On the whole our specialists find it important to state current status quo in Transcaucasia after H. Aliyev passed from the stage. If Washington and Ankara manage to settle Karabakh problem in their own way and to locate military forces in the region as well as provide a corridor by land from Baku to Turkey, the issue of a forced Azerbaijan incorporation to it will be considered as a fait accompli as US-Turkish influence will become dominating factor in the local life of republic. “If to preserve current situation, circles “cut from” Turkey are unlikely to oppose tendency to Azerbaijan fragmentation, only possible to damp supported by Russia”, Russian analysts as Kurtinyan hope. If to speak Russian, both outcomes are fraught with partition (fragmentation) of Azerbaijan. Only long-suffering Azerbaijan people and its present leaders can oppose it.
(to be continued)
Armenia and Nagorno Karabakh
Felix Tsertsvadze. Formation of myths. Source II.
“Big Encyclopaedia”, Moscow, 1998.
We are able to illustrate evolution of some encyclopaedia terms by means of the second Source.
Such as, Armenian-Gregorian church. It is elucidated as follows in the first source: “one of the most ancient Christian churches founded by bishop Gregor in 301. It is close to Orthodoxy, but follower of monophysitism. Patriarchy-catholicos heads it. Residence is in Echmiadzin”. This term is not mentioned in the second source at all. The term “Armenian-apostolic church” does not appear in the first source, in the second it is explained as in the first.
Let us avoid the doubtful date of “301” for a while. We will turn to it later. Thus, it was “Armenian Gregorian church”, but transformed into “Apostolic”. Description as “follower of monophyzitsm” remained without changes. Meanwhile these notions are incompatible. Monophyzitsm is a heresy and a sin denounced by the fifth oecumenical council and confessors have no right to refer themselves and the church to “Apostolic”…
It is a more serious sin, heresy and sacrilege as Christ’s Church is named “Apostolic”, continuously and invariably preserving teachings and gift succession of the Holy Spirit from Apostles by means of the Holy consecration. The Holy Orthodox Cathedral Apostolic Church acknowledges the first seven Oecumenical Councils where symbolism and rules on order and government of the Church are approved and revealed. Even Apostle Pavel taught: “Deter from a heretic after the first and second reasoning”. Yet monophysitism did not deter from heresy after mentioned one of the seventh Oecumenical Councils since 451 A.C. Moreover we know Armenian hierarchies pronouncing an anathema against Khalkidon Cathedral. How can we name their Church Apostolic?
There is only one of the variants: the authors could make mistakes or fall under influence of lobbyists. The aim of lobbyists is clear and runs as follows: to change the name of Armenian Church, conceal its adherence to monophysicism and to devote to Orthodox as much as possible at least by the name without changing the essence. How can ill-informed reader or resident know that there is no Armenian church among 15 apostolic ones? Apologists of “Apostolic” name of Armenian Church affirm that Apostles were earlier of the fifth Chalcedonian oecumenical council and so the name is justified. However they just make a regular attempt of manipulation over lack of information of people. Armenian Church could only have a canonical questionable right for apostolic name before decree of Oecumenical Council of 451 y. After its decree Armenian Church has no longer this canonical right. The main intrigue is that Armenian theologians, divines and lobbyists acted quite the contrary. They had the right to name their Church “apostolic”, but they ignored it and named it “Gregorian”. Then more than thousand years after approval of an unapproved decree they seemed to consider this issues forgotten and changed one name into another without any fuss.
It is necessary to say that the tactics of lobbyists supported by Russian-speaking Encyclopedia edition already yields its results. It is noted in English-speaking geographical atlas of 2003 “The work almanac” issued in US state New-Jersey “Hammond World Atlas Corporation” regarding “Armenia” in the line “Chief religions” at the 30th page: “Armenian Aрostolic-94%”. There is no need to translate the word “Aрostolic”. Moreover, below it is stated in small print: “Do you know Armenia was the first nation adopted Christianity about 300 B.C.? Here the authors of such fallacious allegation seem not to be embarrassed with the fact that Armenia was a province of Roman Empire during that time with Christianity introduced as general state religion after Nicene Oecumenical council in 325. Armenia became not the “first” but one of the obedient vassals of Rome and Emperor Constantine. Here you can see an example of a smartly myth knocking around the world and living its own independent life.
(to be continued)
Pathologic love of Lavrov to Armenians I wonder where it starts
Minister of Foreign Affairs of Russia, one of the countries, co-chairmen of OSCE Minsk Group, directly dealing with the process of settlement of Armenian-Azerbaijan conflict made regular, frankly speaking disputable and strange statements disposing to Armenians.
As a matter of fact this tendency in Russian stand being a historical neighbor, an old Azerbaijan partner was always felt from the beginning, the author thinks. One can understand it, Armenia is the only south fortpost of Russia, it is not fortuitous there is a military Russian base only on Armenian territory from the whole Caucasus, Armenians for sure take up key official positions of the country for a long time, etc. And the main thing is that both nations, Russians and Armenians refer to the same religion (Christianity). These circumstances do not let us hope for absolute fair attitude of Russia in the settlement of the above-mentioned conflict, with Sergey Lavrov, at the head of Department of Foreign Policy pathologically being fond of Armenia. However, we will discuss reasons and sources of this love later and now let us return to his “pithy sayings”.
It is appropriate to mention here how Minister always and everywhere cares about Armenians as referred. The process of signature of Turkish-Armenian protocols in Zurich can be served as an example. His interference into “dangerous” situation threatening with the signature ceremony frustration serving as a crib to his Armenian colleague E. Nabaldyan: “Edward! Agree on the ceremony without any claims!” is not forgotten. Everyone also remembers “affecting” scene of enthusiastic and loving exchange of kisses by two ministers after signature of protocols.
By the way Lavrov being anxious about delays in protocol ratification said: “Quickly ratification of Armenian-Turkish protocols is necessary. As soon as the protocols are ratified it would be better for the whole region”. It is clear that the phrase “it would be better for the whole region” is just a pretext favorable only for Armenia. The minister also did not miss the opportunity to make public a stand regarding both processes favorable for Armenia and pro-Armenian forces: “These processes are not interconnected. Russia supports the process of normalization of Armenian-Turkish relations, yet it is not right and correct to advance some artificial requirements under existing conditions”. Do you feel pro-Armenian tendency? First, Turkey is the author of the words in this matter and it fairly insists on Armenian withdrawal of their troops from occupied Azerbaijan territories. This is not “an artificial” requirement at all, but quite legitimate. What were the reasons of closure of Turkish-Armenian borders? The reason was an occupation. Thus, one should eliminate the reason itself.
While Turkish foreign Minister Rajap Tayyip Erdogan paid an official visit to Moscow S. Lavrov again poured oil on the flames during his visit to Yerevan in the middle of January: “An opinion of people of Nagorno Karabakh should be for sure taken into account in drawing of the ultimate version of the document on settlement of Karabakh conflict. It is not possible to do without it; it is evident for me at least.” Is a diplomat of this level not aware that the notions “people of Nagorno Karabakh” do not exist? There are only Armenian people, who live in Armenia. Of course, he is aware but playing the hypocrite. He is more dissembling and lying when answered a question by journalists: “Is Russia able to put its energetic interests with Turkey above the right of people of Nagorno Karabakh for self-determination?” He answered then: “I will answer in brief, no, it is not”.
One of these days the head of Foreign Department of Russia made completely absurd statement: “The principle of territorial integrity and the rights of people on self-determination are of equal value, and one of them can not be regarded above the other”. It is unbelievable that a man with such diplomacy records even honored worker of diplomacy service of RF can talk such nonsense.
The only attempt to define principle of self-determination within the principle of territorial integrity was made in declaration accepted by UN in 1970. Lavrov refused to “cite legal language of the document” and explained in his own way that “its sense came to the respect of territorial integrity assuming authority responsibilities of the state to guarantee people’s rights, including their right on self-determination and to settle all the issues peacefully. The states using rough military forces for it are open to question regarding the respect to the right on territorial integrity”. Thus, he sent menacing “message” to Azerbaijan, if we try to use force, we can loose the right for territorial integrity. (?! – G.J.) And about the fact that Armenia occupied one-fifth part of Azerbaijan, why a gentleman diplomat and not say a word.
Sources of pathological love of S. Lavrov to Armenians are concealed in his family tree. According to Wikipedia, free encyclopedia, Lavrov`s father is Armenian from Tbilisi. One can remember his answer to the question of a student of Yerevan Slavic University if an Armenian origin did not impede him: “I have Tbilisi roots as my father is an Armenian from Tbilisi, Armenian blood is in me. It never impedes me”. So, he acknowledged his being thoroughbred Armenian.
The year before last, several days prior to inauguration of President Mikhail Saakashvilli where S. Lavrov represented RF, the paper “Georgian Times” got information on one interesting detail directly closed to his biography.
This Georgian newspaper turned out to write on Armenian origin of this “famous Russian” before and present Foreign Minister of Russia was born on Ararat Street in Tbilisi with a family name Lavretyan according to the paper. The paper assisted with another source found a house where Sergey lived with his family. The same source explained that Lavrov is the last name of his stepfather.
One of the leaders of Armenian Diaspora in Tbilisi Van Bayburt informed the editors of the paper: “I know the real family name of Sergey Lavrov is Kalantarov… A cousin of his father, very old man of about 80 years came to the editor’s office of “Vrastan” in Tbilisi. That was when Lavrov worked in New York as a representative of Russia in UNO and we wanted to publish some material about him to be prepared by Ram Davidov. Our guest, Lavrov`s relative, said the parents of his father the Kalantarovs were very rich and his grandfather Kalantarov was the member of Tbilisi Duma. When Lavrov came to inauguration then we wanted to show him the house in Ararat Street with a colleague Mamuka Gachechiladze, but he could not find time because of schedule congestion.”
Well. How cannot Sergey Lavrov, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Russia a son of Armenian be devoted to Armenians? Maybe Armenian Diaspora in Russia assisted him to gain the position. We even do not know what Armenian mafia is able to do? Surnames with “yan” are forever registered in Russian government.
Should we wait for fair approach to settle Armenian-Azerbaijan conflict from Russia?
Why CSTO became enraged?
Secretariat of Collective Security Treaty Organization with seven former Union republics, including Russia and Armenia being members, raised a big sensation concerning the claims of Azerbaijan Ambassador in Russia.
The matter is that Azerbaijan Ambassador to Russia Polad Bulbulogli said in his interview to ANS TV channel at the end of December, last year: “It is high time to settle Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. Each Azerbaijan has to take part in the liberation of territories”. Diplomat reminded that there was the biggest Diaspora organization in Russia and marked that if military way of settlement of Nagorno-Karabakh conflict to be chosen, a lot will depend from Azerbaijanis in Russia and everyone should be ready for it. An Ambassador went on: “The whole country, the whole society and people should rise and unite, support its president and liberate territories. We can not do in another way”.
P. Bulbulogli noted that the settlement of the conflict on own territories is any way sovereign right of official Baku. According to an Ambassador, international organizations have to properly name an aggressor: “We should stop care about Armenia as if about a sick child”. Diplomat also marked that in case of military settlement of the problem, CSTO with Armenia being a member is not possible to interfere the issue. “Russian authorities have repeatedly stated on acknowledgement of territorial integrity and inviolability of borders of Azerbaijan republic. CSTO can interfere only if Azerbaijan violates territorial integrity of Armenian republic. Yet here the matter concerns Azerbaijan territory. So an interference of the third party to the issue is impossible”, Ambassador said.
All these claims by P. Bulbulogli turned out to enrage leadership of the named organization and it responded immediately. Secretariat of CSTO made following statement on December, 30, last year: “Statements of an ambassador can be interpreted as unbelief in political-diplomatic methods of settlement and instigation to the military settlement of the issue”. Further they say that there was as if “frank appeal to military actions that does not serve for constructive solutions of Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and contradict to the efforts of OSCE Minsk Group and negotiations of Armenian and Azerbaijan presidents”.
One circumstance explaining the reason of mentioning of CSTO in this scandal should be marked here. The year before last P. Bulbulogli said in his interview that if mediatory efforts of Russia do not give irrefragable effect and negotiations are at deadlock, instruments of “constraint of Armenia to peace” will be applied. Then Nikolay Borduja, CSTO Secretary General claimed that “there is no alternative to peaceful settlement of the issue”. Mr. Secretary General summed up that if “Azerbaijan speaks on constraint to peace of Yerevan, CSTO does not have right to ignore threats to the participating country and will stand up for it”.
The last claim made by CSTO Secretariat seemed to encourage officials from Armenian Embassy in Russia. Thus, Press Secretary of Embassy Gevork Minasyan said that claims of Azerbaijan Ambassador in Russia are “just another demonstration of Anti-Armenian agitation and propaganda department of Azerbaijan sodden with military spirit”. Raging Minasyan added: “Statements of Azerbaijan Ambassador are not only beyond diplomacy but also morals. Ambassador tries to use Azerbaijanis in Russia as an instrument of adventurist policy of Azerbaijan authorities. “Diplomat” Polad Bulbulogli tries to serve his chiefs with virtual bellow of the cannons. Claims of Bulbulogli are incompatible with diplomatic status of an ambassador”. There you are! Well, Armenians including their former and presents presidents, high-ranking officials and diplomats can talk such rots, threaten, every time ask Armenian Diaspora through the whole world for help, including armament, “use them as an instrument of adventurist policy” of Armenian authorities”, but we even do not have right to talk the truth and appeal for congeners to unite?
So, what were the wrong words of Ambassador P. Bulbulogli? What is he forbidden to say regarding liberation of his country from occupation? Is he wrong saying that Armenia play games not only with Azerbaijan but with the whole world? Is there a necessity to explain that if a peaceful way of settlement of the conflict, with Armenian-Azerbaijan inclusive, is not possible, there is the only war way of it? Should Azerbaijan for ages bear Armenian coquetry or repudiate from own territories in Armenian favor?
Nothing like this can and will not happen. Azerbaijan will not give in even an inch of territories. Territories gifted to Armenians till the 90th of the last century influenced by “an old brother” suffice.
As for CSTO, this organization do not have any relation to the issue of Armenian-Azerbaijan conflict, as here the matter do not concern aggression against its member Armenia, but aggression policy of the latter having occupied a fifth of Azerbaijan lands. Yet nobody can forbid liberating occupied territories even to Azerbaijan!
Where was the ancient territory of Armenia?
Ancient maps found in Egypt show Armenia was too far from its present territory.
Director of the Institute of Oriental Studies of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences (ANAS) Govhar Bakhshaliyeva found out in Dar Al-Kutub library of Egypt valuable maps important for Azerbaijan’s history. Spokesman for the Institute Vugar Mammadov told APA that Govhar Bakhshaliyeva found out five maps important for Azerbaijan’s history, took their photos and brought to Baku. V.Mammadov said that the maps show that Armenia was too far from its present territory, in the south.
He said one of the maps was published by A.Tarid in 18-20 address of Boulevard Saint Denis early in the past century. The map prepared to show the railways and navigation lines covers European and Asian countries. The territory of the state described on the west coasts of the Caspian Sea and presented as Azerbaijan on the map coincides with the territory of Azerbaijan People’s Republic (1918-1920). The disputable areas are also presented as Azerbaijan’s territory on Tarid’s map. The map confirms that Nagorno-Karabakh, including Shusha belong to Azerbaijan and also shows Derbent, Gasimkend and upper territories as Azerbaijan’s territory.
The western border passes through the Goyce Lake. The regions of modern Armenia – Mehri, Gafan, Gorus, Sisyan, Vardenis, Krasnoselsk, as well as part of Berd region, are shown as the Azerbaijani territory. Another map shows Iranian territory after the Gulustan and Turkmenchay treaties. The map was drawn up in Farsi and toponym of Azerbaijan is shown over the territory from the banks of Araz River until the Iraqi borders. The mountains of Ahar, Marand, Savalan, Lake of Urmia, and cities of Maraga, Mahabad, Maku, Khoy, Ardabil, Miyana, Tebriz and others are shown in the territory of Azerbaijan.
The third map was drawn up in 1785 in Venice, Italy. It was called as “Empire of Great Alexander”, which covers Europe, Africa and Asia. The map was drawn up in Italian by Antonio Zatta and his sons. Albania was shown in the western coast of Caspian Sea. Araz River located in the south. Armenian was shown not as the state, but only as geographic territory in very south of Araz River, in neighborhood with Assyria and Mesopotamia.
The next two maps were drawn up in Amsterdam, the Netherlands during the Ottoman Emperor Mehmet III (1595-1603). It was drawn up by the artist Jydykus, Hindius. Another map was drawn up and printed by the artist Friedrich de Wit in 1775. The maps show Armenian territories far from their present location in the south and having no relation to the territory of modern Armenia. De Wit also noticed the toponym of Shirvan in the territory of Azerbaijan in his map.
“Armenia: secrets of terrorist “Christian” state”
Samuel A.Weems. The great series of Armenian frauds. Vol. I. (beginning in previous flimsies) Chapter four
THE ARMENIAN NUMBERS GAME AND THEIR USE OF TWO SETS OF BOOKS
Hovannissian admits that as World War I came to a close, there was “interracial” warfare taking place in Azerbaijan, Armenia, and Georgia. The actual facts are that the Armenians started this interracial war. However, as soon as the Turkish army withdrew from the region, the Armenians made an all-out attempt to take control of the mountains.
“The Uezd of Zangezur an area of 2,744 square miles… formed the strategic passage way between eastern Transcaucasia and the Yerevan gubernia. Zangegyur, like Karabakh, was inhabited by a mixed population, made up in 1916 of 101,000 Armenians and 120,000 Muslims” (page 86, from the book of Hovannissian).
Armenia dared not attempt to send troops into this region in the spring of 1918 because Turkish forces were stationed only a few miles from their capital city. However, Armenian “Christian” agents were sent into this region to stir strife. As a result, interracial warfare began in Zangezur.
The underlying current that ran swiftly throughout the Armenian government was simply this basic fact of life: Whatever the cost, whatever the price to be paid with individual lives of both Armenian Christian and Azerbaijani Muslims, “Armenia could not allow Azerbaijan and Turkey to share a common frontier” (P 92).
The Armenian dictator leadership thought it terrible for two Islamic nations to share a common border. The Armenians, then, as now, had a phobia against non-Christians regardless of how well Christians and Muslims had lived together in peace for some five hundred years. These new Armenian dictator warlords sacrificed their own people in their attempt, by force of arms, to establish a tiny country that would never be able to sustain itself without gifts, aid, and help from the United States and other Christian nations throughout the world.
Since 1918 until today, the two major exports of Armenia have been its own people fleeing the “historic state” and terrorism. Since 1918 the number one import of Armenia has been, and continues to be, foreign aid from other nations.
Charter Five
ARMENIA LOSES UNPROVOKED WAR ON GEORGIYA
Armenians Seek Free Handouts From the Christian World
On December 14, 1918, Armenia launched a surprise attack on its neighbor, Georgia, in an attempt to take land.
On December 17, 1918, “When the Armenian invasion” was well under way…, Premier Zhordonia of Georgia spoke to his people: “There has taken place that which should not have taken place: Regretfully, Armenia had incited rebellion and then had brought up her regular army. The present Armenian government, in instigating this shameful conflict, has precipitated that which has never before occurred – war between Georgia and Armenia: Who had ever heard of war over a few incidents in a village or two? The real explanation could be found in the character of Kachaznuni’s government, which, like the wolf, eats the calf because such is its nature. That government could not live in peace and was obsessed with battling one or another of its neighbors, for like the wolf, it had to devour everything. Should not the Armenians have realized that, in view of their hostile relations with the Muslims, they must at least cling to the friendship of Georgia? But instead they had now burned this bridge as well”.
“In Armenia”, – continued Zhordonia, – there were two political currents, one composed of men of moderation seeking reconciliation and the other made up of militarists. Obviously the latter extremists had finally gained – ascendancy, but Georgia would rise to battle this pack of mauserists” (p. 109-110).
(to be continued)
National Heroes of Azerbaijan
Unsuccessful shooting
Who are these girls? By whom they so bitterly weep? Whose tomb in the Alley of Martyrs, to plunge into the red carnation? This heroic tomb, and the girls – daughters of the hero rested in peace. They would now enjoy 60-year anniversary of their father, and they are shedding bitter tears in the native people who died 18 years ago…
Fakhraddin Ibrahim oglu Shahbazov was born January 22, 1950 in Baku. Received his secondary education in the 20th high school of capital, he entered the Baku Oil Technical School. In 1969 he was called to active military service in the ranks of the former Soviet Army. After demobilization from the army, Fakhraddin continued his education and graduated from college. But he did not oilman, the destiny has disposed on other. In 1972 Shahbazov started his career in the Broadcasting Company of Azerbaijan. He worked there as teleoperator of the whole 20 years, up to the latest day of a his life.
Until 1988, that is before the beginning of the so-called “Armenian Movement” for tearing away of Nagorno-Karabakh (NK) from Azerbaijan, Fakhraddin with love for his occupation, quietly, relentlessly, creatively worked. But the Armenian extremism and separatism prevented this serene life. In those days, the Azerbaijan population of NK beginning to be subjected to strong moral and psychological pressure, threats of violence by the Armenians, the participation of the facts of physical violence, there have been cases of mass destruction of people. However, the Armenians were completely opposite of the actual situation of anti-Azerbaijani propaganda. And under such circumstances there was a need to appear at the places, do surveys and provide the public a truthful, the real situation. One of the first cameramen, voluntarily, without any suggestions and orders are logged into the mission, was Fakhraddin. It is necessary to say that it was not easy, in every moment could face a real death. But this did not deter him, and he spared no effort to prepare truthful TV with hot spots of the country.
In the most troubling times, in November 1991, a group of employees of Broadcasting Company of Azerbaijan was in the field of increased crime situation. F.Shahbazov with the fellow workers, journalist Ali Mustafayev and lighting engineer Arif Huseynzade was in Agdam, where they were to prepare the transfer of a meeting of leading officials of the republic with the public area in order to study the real situation. At this time, received information that the Armenians provoked regular sabotage against the inhabitants of the Azerbaijani village Garadaghly of Khojavand district, committed the murder of innocent people. It was decided to urgently fly to Garakend.
November 20, 1991 MI-8 helicopter which was carrying a group of officials of the republic, high military men, law enforcement officials, rose in the air. There were also employees of the Azerbaijan Broadcasting Company – A.Mustafayev, F.Shahbazov, A.Huseynzadeh. Near the village Garadaghly helicopter was shot down by Armenian militants from heavy machine guns. 22 people, including F.Shahbazov tragically killed. And last shooting of Fakhraddin has not taken place…
On December 4, 1992, Fakhraddin Ibrahim oglu Shahbazov was posthumously conferred the honorary title of the National Hero of Azerbaijan by the decree of the President of Azerbaijan.
An ash of the hero rests on the Alley of Martyrs in Baku.
Bloody trail “deserved” an “old fool”
Twenty years after the events taking place January 20, 1990, included in the history of the Azerbaijani people as a heroic page, demonstrating the strength of will, firmness of the people, resolve in the fight for freedom, sovereignty and territorial integrity of their motherland.
Simultaneously, this date is celebrated in the country as a day of Bloody January tragedy, the Day of national grief – “Black January”. In the night from 19 to 20 January 1990 at 00 hours and 20 minutes of the Soviet armed forces, hastily packaged from different regions of the USSR, numbering more than 66,000 people, including Interior Ministry troops and forces of the KGB, entered the city of Baku, without any warning, opened fire on the civilian population, sparing neither women nor children nor the elderly, or disabled.
Barbarian invasion of Baku, which had been killed, wounded, missing about 1000 people, carried out under the command of then-Defense Minister of the Soviet Union Dmitry Yazov. That, whose biography is full of all sorts of black pages, whose trail of blood, left on earth, nothing, probably not be able to wash off. Yes, the conscience of the “prominent Soviet military and political figure”, as it is sometimes called him, some media in Russia, stained with the blood of thousands of innocent Azerbaijani citizens, including a blind old 60-year-old Boris Efimtseva, 77-year-old Suray Babayeva, 14-year-old Larissa Mammadova and Ilgara Ibragimova, new married Ilham Allahverdiyev and his pregnant wife Fariza… This list of victims killed by Yazova ordinary people of different nations, different age and gender, we could continue, but these few names is enough to smash to smithereens slander of the Soviet leadership type “were killed panislamistami”, “destroyed – a group of extremists”, “the soldiers were forced to reply”, etc. etc. That is, D.Yazov headed the repressive forces that were killed, crushed under the tanks, pierced by bayonets innocent people, in other words, he – the murderer of hundreds of ordinary citizens.
His executioners “skill” to Baku marshal had to show in April 1989 in Tbilisi and after the tragic events of January – this is repeated in January 1991 in Vilnius. In short, the infamous label executioner forever hangs on yazovskoy chest. But there is in his biography yet another black page associated with the infamous State Committee of Emergency (SCE) – coup, senior officials of the Kremlin. Marshall D.Yazov not only supported the junta was trying to overthrow the existing Gorbachev’s “perestroika” power, but also became one of the eight members of the Emergency Committee, has developed Russia’s assault on the White House – the residence of the then parliament, government and the president of Russia and ordered tanks to march on Moscow.
But this time the army is in Moscow did not shoot at people (possibly nationalistic factor played a role in here, because they were not Georgians, Azerbaijanis and not the Lithuanians – G.Z) and the plan is based on Tbilisi, Baku and Baltic punitive experience Marshal Yazov, instantly fell, though not without victims: during the events were dead three Russian soldiers. The members of the junta, including D. Yazov, were arrested. Jailed former minister of defense during subsequent interrogation of a long, chaotic and confusing to explain that, they say, there was no plot and he even thought about the overthrow of the president. But in 1994, was released from prison under an amnesty, which he accepted, and thus pleaded guilty. And before that D.Yazov sent to Mikhail Gorbachev, then president of the USSR, a video, the text of which was as follows: “Dear Mikhail Sergeyevich. I – an old fool. Until the end of my days I will burn the shame brought to you country and people of disaster”. Here’s an example in the highest degree of immorality, adulation, infamous person who was for many years at relatively high positions of the former USSR.
But it turns out, it seems so dirty tricks biography Yazov, and for the heads of the former USSR and Russia today, as it not strange, this whole yazovskaya tyranny – is an honorable achievement! Apparently, all these actions of the former Minister of Defense, all of his bloody path suited to their aspirations. And the demonstration of their generosity towards him – a vivid proof of that.
In total three months after the events of January in Baku, Mikhail Gorbachev, the same is the chief architect of this tragedy, noting his “services” for the destruction of innocent people, the decree of April 28, 1990 D.Yazov awarded the rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union (! – G .Z). In November 2004, former President Vladimir Putin awarded him the order of Honour and, more recently, more precisely, on November 2 of last year, before the national holiday – Day of National Unity, the current president of Russia Dmitry Medvedev presented D.Yazov an order “For merits before Fatherland” of the fourth degree. So. Yesterday’s “old fool” today was “honored” Russians. By the way, the next day issued the decree on awarding, the President of the embassy of Russia on Vasilevsky Island was held to protest inquiring with the slogan “For the coup state awards?” Indeed, the RF President alternating rewards a man with such an unclean past – simply ridiculous to the absurd.
But the Azerbaijani people dealt with the “honored” “old fool” with a bloody vital trace rather unequivocally: D.Yazov – the executioner, whose hands were stained with the blood of thousands of innocent people. And he deserves no medals, and strict punishment, if not land, then God!
“Black Garden”
Thomas De Waal. (Excerpt from chapter 6 “1988-1990: An Azerbaijan tragedy”)
Black January. Part two
… Gorbachev and his security ministers finally decided to send the army into Baku on the night of 19-20 January. A state of emergency was declared to begin at midnight. Yet the residents of the city were unaware of what was happening because television broadcasts had gone off the air at 19:30 in the evening, after an explosion at the television station, almost certainly carried out by the security forces. As a result, most of Baku people learned about the state of emergency at 5:30 the next morning from the radio and leaflets dropped from helicopters. By then it was too late.
Shortly after midnight, troops had come out of their barracks and tanks had started rumbling toward the city. Most of the troops who approached from the south were from local garrisons and did not fight their way into the city, but the troops who approached form the north entered Baku as if it were a city under enemy occupation. Tanks rolled over barricades, crushing cars and even ambulances. Witnesses spoke of soldiers firing at people who fled and of soldiers stabbing and shooting the wounded. A bus full of civilians was hit by a volley of bullets and many of its passengers, including a fourteen-year-old girl, were killed.
Some one hundred thirty citizens of Baku were killed and several hundred were wounded on the night of 19-20 January. An independent military investigation group known as “Shchit” later concluded that: the Soviet Army had waged war against the population of Soviet city. The group demanded a criminal proceeding against Defense Minister Dmitry Yazov, who had personally commanded the operation. At the same day twenty-one soldiers also died. How they did so is disputed; this death toll implies there was armed resistance from protestors, although some of the soldiers may also have been victims of bullets fired by their own, owing to the general confusion that reigned in the dark city.
Aftermath
The intervention in Baku, with the Soviet army for the first time taking one of its own cities by force, was a tragedy for Azerbaijan and the Soviet Union. The army took full control of Baku within a few hours and reestablished rule by Moscow. After all, on 20 January 1990 Moscow essentially lost Azerbaijan. Almost the whole population of Baku turned out for mass funerals of the victims.
The victims were the first “martyrs” to be buried in the Alley of Martyrs on the top of the hill in the city. Thousands of Communist Party members publicly burned their party cards and even the chairwoman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of Azerbaijan Elmira Kafarova, denounced the actions of “army criminals”.
The profound effects of “Black January” went far beyond to all country. The intervention had exposed the center’s increasing inability to cope with the problems beginning to overwhelm the Soviet Union. The failure to declare a state of emergency to halt the Armenian pogroms, only to do so when all the Armenians had left, suggested deep cynicism or incompetence, or both. The confused and then brutal response to the Popular Front’s challenge revealed that the Soviet Union had several different centers of power, each with its own priorities, and that Gorbachev wavered between them.
In the short term, the Communist Party was back in control. Dozens of Popular Front activities, including many members of the National Defense Council, formed with official consent only days before were detained. Etibar Mamedov was arrested when he traveled to Moscow to hold a press conference.
Neimet Panakhov fled – or was allowed to flee – across the border to Iran, whence then moved to Turkey. Resistance flickered for a few days in Nakhichevan, which became the first part of the Soviet Union ever to declare unilateral independence, before Popular Front resistance was crushed there as well. First Party Secretary Vezirov had decamped and was in Moscow, suffering from nervous exhaustion, and Ayaz Mutalibov was made his successor in a free vote of Party officials. Polyanichko remained the second secretary and the “power broker”.
Who is the executioner, and who – a victim?
With a heavy heard for the dead sons and daughters of the Azerbaijan people celebrates 20 years of the events of January 1990. Despite the fact that it has been two decades, to date in this matter is not put all the points on the “i”, which contributes to the continuation of very controversial discussions of the parties.
Specifically, without comments (there are enough other materials on the subject), we note that the number one catalyst for the bloody events of January were the Armenians who illegally beginning a struggle for the transfer of Nagorno-Karabakh (NK) Armenia, drove every one of Azerbaijanis, Armenians and NK, wiping with a large number of them, and thus triggering some retaliatory actions against the Azerbaijani Genocide.
Nevertheless, the Armenian side does not think to take responsibility for separatist activities, resulting in a real humanitarian catastrophe in the region, but on the contrary, throughout the entire blame the opposite side, the victim – Azerbaijan. That is, swapping the right and wrong. They say lies in all, and not even hesitate. As they say, because they lie, that it makes one sick to hear. And this is false, defamatory Armenian choral campaign inflamed at a time when Azerbaijan marks the twentieth anniversary of the tragic. And do not aimlessly: confuse the issue, baffle, and deceive the world public opinion. Here, please read.
Do not hide the ultimate goal of pan-Armenian, which is manifested in the capture of Azerbaijani territories Robert Khachaturian, co-chair of public organization “Union of Baku compatriots” said: “Slaughter of Armenians in the Azerbaijani cities differently “genocide”, can not qualify. With such a dangerous neighbor as Azerbaijan, the threat of genocide is still standing in front of the Armenians. Most anti-Armenian sentiment fueled Azerbaijanis in Baku, who came from Armenia… The Armenians are ready to go back to Baku, but on conditions that there will not be Azerbaijanis”. What impudent dream! It is not enough that, the Armenians expelled from their historical lands – West Azerbaijan, Armenia’s present – all the Azerbaijani population, they wish that, and Azerbaijan was left to them. A certain “Karabakh analyst” Artak Nersisyan, denounced the hopes of Armenians in Mikhail Gorbachev’s promise to transfer NK Armenia, said: “The people of Nagorno-Karabakh was made in defense of their violated rights and demanded the restoration of historic justice. However, Azerbaijan has responded to this legitimate demand of the pogroms of the Armenian population”. He is indignant, why “the Soviet troops were late in entering to the Baku”: “They came to Baku on the seventh day of pogroms, when there are no more Armenians”. And impudently (reason for this insulting “gifts” becomes clear later – G.J) deliver an ultimatum: “Progressive mankind should give its assessment of the genocide carried out by the authorities of Azerbaijan against the Armenians throughout only 20th century”.
It is impossible to ignore that fact that the anti-Azerbaijani propaganda, using a 20-year anniversary of the tragic event for Azerbaijan in Armenia is right on the state level. “What happened 20 years ago in Baku in response to the demand of the people of Nagorno-Karabakh for self-determination, was a monstrous manifestation of Azerbaijan’s policy of force and ethnic cleansing”, – said Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of Armenia Shavarsh Kocharyan, commenting on the bloody events in Baku January 1990. No, not about the mass slaughter of peace population by soldiers of Baku “valorous Soviet army”, of course, is spoken by this prattler. He’s just a gentle “forgets”, as if this were not there. He sheds crocodile tears over two dozen killed in Baku, the Armenians, what really took place at that time and then no one, in contrast to the Armenians, not deny. Yes, unfortunately, such an event provoked by the former KGB was. But this Shavarshik and his choral friends, whose names are mentioned above and which we mention below, perfectly know the reasons of it. Nothing, once again we will remind this. Later. In the meantime, continue to lead “catchword” quotations desperate “-yan”ov on this issue.
“20 years ago, our compatriots in Baku were killed merely for the fact that the Armenians were, in fact, that fought for independence, free life, for the preservation of national identity”, – and these are the words of Prime Minister Tigran Sargsyan said at the memorial rally in memory of the victims of the “pogroms of the Armenian population in Baku in January 1990”. Head of the Migration Service of Armenia Gagik Yeganyan, speaking at an event dedicated to “20-th anniversary of Armenian pogroms in Baku”, entangled: “As a result of the pogroms of Armenians in Azerbaijan in the late 1980’s early 1990’s, more than 500 thousand people became refugees, of them 360 thousand moved to Armenia (again impudent Armenian lie: the official population census in 1979 in the whole Azerbaijan lived 475 thousand Armenians, following the 1999 census there were 120 thousand, then left the country at most 355 thousand Armenians – G.J.). We must provide the international community, who the executioner, and who – a victim”. On the eve of the anniversary of the January events in Baku, the so-called “Ministry of Foreign Affairs” and “Parliament” celebrated “Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh” have updated their sob-declaration of “ethnic cleansing”, “extermination”, “genocide” of Armenians, but we do not even pay attention to them, for they do not know, and do not want to know the illegitimate education with a similar name.
So, really, who the executioner, and who – a victim? The answer is unequivocal: executioners Armenians and the Russian armies, and victim – Azerbaijani people! That is, as mentioned above, at the origins of events are Armenians, as executors of their “will” were the Russian military. Who, in general, began to cook all this porridge? Armenians! Well, the story did not change, however not to try to falsify it. Take the story (not composed by Armenians), attentively read, and then make sure that any confrontation between the Armenian and Azerbaijani people always started by Armenians. That’s the last of the Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict. Immediately after the famous statement of well-known academician Abel Aganbekyan in France in 1987, the Armenians at the state level began to open the deportation of the primordial inhabitants of present-day Armenia, created in territory of the Western Azerbaijan, which “successfully” completed by the end of 1989: by this time in the given country does not remain any Azerbaijanis! Deportation is also accompanied this slaughter of hundreds thousands Azerbaijanis of both sexes and various ages. Who was the first to protest in Yerevan and Stepanakert? Armenians. Who began to destroy in the end of 1987 Topkhana Forest in Shusha region, which has caused a rough wave of protest in Azerbaijan? Armenians. Who the first has shed blood in Karabakh, having killed of two young Azerbaijanis between Askeran and Aghdam? Armenians. Who has started to expel from houses of inhabitants of NK of the Azerbaijan nationality, applying force, killing them, and burning their houses? Armenians. Who occupied territories of neighboring country? Again, the Armenians. Why aforementioned “-yans” even witty about it without saying? Only one example is enough to show the degree of blasphemy of Armenians in the late 80th century over the last victims of their adventurous idea of “Greater Armenia”: after the earthquake in Armenia, the French rescuers found a large diameter pipe, sealed at both ends. Cut, they saw the body in the pipe… about seventy alive murdered children-Azerbaijanis. This is a new kind of fascism! That is – real genocide! And the murder of Armenian exiles angry about two dozen Armenians – is, of course, a crime, but certainly not genocide, it is true, the Armenians so in love with this word that the killing of at least one of them – this is for their genocide. How then to name the mass destruction of Azerbaijani population in Khojali, Agdabane, Garadagly, Meshaly, Jamilli? However, you never know the facts of genocide in history after the settlement in the Transcaucasia Armenians moved from Iran, Turkey? Whether the events 1905, 1918-1920 are forgotten? Only during the last two years in Baku, Shamakhi, Guba and Nakhichevan was destroyed about 200 thousand Azerbaijanis. Location of mass graves destroyed by the inhabitants of the Armenian armed bandits in Guba, where there is a natural museum of general “grave” cut Azerbaijanis – vivid evidence.
As for the “yan”ovsko regret about being late Soviet armies, then, firstly, they are not included in Baku to protect the Armenians, and there was no need to introduce the 66-thousand of an army of twenty dead Armenians, on the other hand, provocation of the Soviet elite, it computed the expected mass killings of Armenians, just failed. Secondly, input of armies in Baku was designed to frighten the people of Azerbaijan, to suppress crush the national movement and to interfere with process of an exit of Azerbaijan from the USSR, which would mean the disorder of the last. But the leadership of the Soviet empire, none of this has not been attained, except for the barbaric destruction of unarmed civilians who wants to gain freedom, independence and requiring curb Armenians. And the argument that, say, the army entered when the Armenians in Baku is left – an obvious nonsense: more than one hundred and twenty thousand Armenians, while remaining in the city and still live here without any problems. Consequently, the babble like “our compatriots in Baku were killed just for the fact that were Armenians” – an uttermost bluff.
I think these facts are just all part of their set, give an exhaustive answer to the question who is the executioner, and who – a victim.
Heroic page in the history of Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan with deep sadness, at the same time with a pride and honor has noted 20th anniversary of the tragically events in Baku and regions of the republic in January 1990. These events have led to large-scale bloodshed and to inflict the country and people of great moral and material damage. However, the people of Azerbaijan through the term of seventy again, first among the Soviet republics of the former Soviet Union with his blood purchased the sovereignty and independence.
The way conducting to this glorious turning point in our history as well as many other nations – because the events in Azerbaijan made inevitable disorder of the Soviet Union and initiated the independence movement in all its scale – was not easy.
The long underground activities of the Armenian nationalist separative organizations became apparent at a time when the Soviet empire – one of the two strongest powers in the world – has fallen ill outright, and each last day approached it to inevitable. All of this reality was vividly demonstrated in a speech in France in 1987, of well-known academician Abel Aganbekyan, assistant to first and last president of the USSR Mikhail Gorbachev on the appropriateness of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Region (NKAR) in structure of Armenia (by the way, the last round was not an Armenian – “advisor”, including George Shakhnazarov, who infinitely hammered, and so his head is not normal invented “the Karabakh problem” – G.Z). And the process has gone. February 20, 1988 extraordinary session of the Regional Council of NKAR adopted a resolution requesting the Supreme Council (SC) of the Azerbaijan SSR and Armenian SSR to resolve the issue of transfer secede from the first part of the second. February 26, Mikhail Gorbachev has accepted in the Kremlin Silva Kaputikyan and Zori Balayan, which have practically received it kindly in this point in question. In December 1989 SC Armenia adopted a resolution on reunification of Nagorno Karabakh (NK) with Armenia. In Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh Armenians began continuous action with this requirement. Here and there did their repressive actions against the persons of Azerbaijani nationality, they were exposed to murders, tortures, wounds, widows, were expelled from their native homes.
In a short time, the stream of more than 400 thousand Azerbaijanis was expelled from Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh in Azerbaijan joined. It began predatory destruction of personal, national, natural wealth of Azerbaijanis, was followed by savage cutting of unique forest Topkhana and all this has caused strong reactions in the Azerbaijani society, expressed by the mass protests, which gradually grew into a powerful national liberation movement with the ultimate goal of achieving independence, which led shock hysteria in the Soviet leadership: the collapse of the empire and was equal to it at any price could not prevent it.
On the other hand, incessant, growing more and more illegal and anti-humane actions of the Armenians have exhausted all patience of the Azerbaijani people. On a wave of protests and the most active instigation of the Committee of State Security (KGB) of the USSR have been admitted and isolated cases of physical harm to persons of Armenian nationality. Here also the interests of the leadership of the Soviet Empire and the Armenian separatist forces were crossed.
For realisation pre-planned punitive-menacing slaughter demanding freedom and independence of the people, suppression of national liberation movement emissaries top of the USSR sent to Baku – Yevgeny Primakov, chairman of the USSR Supreme Soviet of the Union, Andrey Girenko, secretary of the CPSU Central Committee, Dmitri Yazov, Minister of Defense of the USSR, Vadim Bakatin, Minister of Internal Affairs of the USSR, Yuri Shatalin, head of the Interior Ministry of the USSR…
In the night from 19th to 20th January 1990 without a declaration of emergency in Baku were introduced part of the MIA and KGB, as well as regular units of the Soviet Army and Navy, with a 66 thousand men, accompanied by heavy military equipment, helicopters and warships. The operation code-named “Blow” key role was taken away to group of special armies “Alpha” and diversionary groups of KGB of the USSR. As a result of illegal i